Fast and Scalable Distributed Consensus Over Wireless Large-Scale Internet-of-Things Network

Due to the rapid paradigm shift in Internet of Things networks from wired and centralized to flexible wireless and decentralized networks building effective and reliable distributed consensus mechanisms over wireless is becoming essential. Especially since the performance of consensus over communication endpoints in a large-scale wireless network is limited by their communication capability it requires a careful co-design of communication and consensus to attain a fast and scalable distributed wireless consensus mechanism with high resiliency against faulty nodes. Within this context this article addresses such problem by designing two wireless consensus mechanisms that well-suit in large-scale wireless networks. On the one hand as a reinterpretation of the conventional referendum consensus (RC) in a large-scale wireless network gossip-broadcasting-based RC (GB-RC) is proposed. On the other hand to overcome the scalability issue of the GB-RC cooperative-broadcast-based electoral-college consensus (CB-EC) is proposed. By mathematically analyzing the performance of both of the consensus mechanisms in terms of consensus latency and resiliency against the faulty nodes we show that the GB-RC outperforms the conventional RC while the CB-EC significantly reduces the consensus latency compromising the stochastic resiliency. We further evaluate their performance numerically to show their effectiveness and feasibility under realistic large-scale wireless environments.